Asbestos is a mineral that occurs naturally in the crust of the earth, having a fibrous appearance and a chemical composition the same as the surrounding rock it is found in. The strong, flexible fibers are less than 5mm in length and, therefore, are not detectable without laboratory analysis. Asbestos is mined for the superior chemical and fire resistant properties coveted commercially for manufacturing and construction applications, which number in the thousands. Sadly, it has also been proven that unprotected exposure to a large quantity of asbestos fibers may lead to particularly deadly form of cancer known as mesothelioma.

People who have been occupationally exposed to asbestos through their work with insulation, automobile components, paint and tile, in mines, shipyards and manufacturing facilities, for the railroads, and on construction sites are considered high-risk candidates for asbestos cancer. Mesothelioma is currently diagnosed in approximately 3000 people in the United States annually and that number is expected to increase over time.

Descending on its victims up to 40 years after exposure, asbestos cancer has subtle symptoms that are easily dismissed, often until it is too late for effective treatment. The tiny asbestos fibers that are inhaled can become embedded in the lungs or chest and may result many years later in pleural mesothelioma, or if entered into the stomach or abdomen by swallowing, may lead to peritoneal mesothelioma. There have also been cases of second-hand asbestos cancer in family members exposed to the contaminated clothing, skin, and hair of workers not required to change and shower before leaving the work site.

Because success and selection of treatment is directly linked to stages of the disease, it is important for anyone who has a history that includes asbestos exposure to be aware of the symptoms and report them to their physician without delay. Pleural mesothelioma will be reflected in the chest area and lungs and may result in any of a list of symptoms that include shortness of breath, coughing, hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, fever, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, muscle soreness, and swelling of the face and arm. Peritoneal mesothelioma will be reflected in the abdominal area and may include nausea or vomiting, abdominal pain, and weight loss.

The prognosis after diagnosis will vary from patient to patient, but overall asbestos cancer does not lend itself much hope. Less than 10% have survived beyond five years. Physicians have identified that non-smoking, younger patients who do not lose a lot of weight during treatment will fare better. Identifying the type of cancer cell that has formed will indicate the likelihood of responsiveness to treatment. Above all, early reporting of symptoms and a doctor’s accurate staging of the disease will act as the best extenders of life.