Domestic violence, or domestic abuse, while it is not a new crime, has seen many significant changes in state laws and prosecution over the last 30 years. Historically many cases of domestic violence or abuse were not prosecuted as police were not inclined to get involved in family disputes. However, awareness of the crime brought forth through woman’s organizations has drastically changed the way domestic violence is viewed. In many states, a domestic charge can be pursued even without the supporting statements of a victim.

Domestic violence occurs when a family member, partner or ex-partner attempts to physically or psychologically control or dominate another. Domestic violence can occur between spouses, co-habitants and non-married partners. Domestic violence can be perpetrated by both men and woman in both opposite-sex and same-sex relationships. Statistics verify that women are more likely to be victims of domestic abuse.

Physical violence is not the only form of domestic violence. Domestic violence can include sexual abuse, emotional abuse, intimidation, economic deprivation and threats of violence. Domestic violence can occur in cycles, and there is evidence that pregnancy is often one of the trigger events in a relationship.

Many cases of domestic violence are unreported and not prosecuted. The Center for Disease control has identified domestic violence as a serious preventable public heath problem affecting more than 32 million Americans. Domestic violence crimes are usually handled through a variety of agencies. Law enforcement agencies can arrest the offender and secure the safety at least temporarily of the victim, leading to the court system. Social service agencies can also be involved in helping the abuser to received psychological help and anger management skills. Social service agencies can also assist the victim to find safe housing and the psychological support necessary to break free from the cycle of domestic violence. Corrections and probation agencies are also involved to rehabilitate the offender.

Domestic violence is cyclical, in that often a person is abused multiple times before seeking help or an arrest is made. Even after an arrest is made, often the victim will come to the aid of the abuser. Victims of domestic violence can move from one abusive relationship to another. Abusers often continue to inflict domestic violence on their subsequent partners. Many times both the abuser and the victim grew up in a household witnessing domestic violence. Because of repetitive nature of both the abuser and the victim, it is important that both parties seek psychological therapies to stop the cycle of violence.