“Toxic Mold” is a term that is used to describe types of mold that are considered deadly to humans. Most people believe that the name refers to one particular species of mold; however, it encompasses hundreds of species; a small fraction of which are not very harmful to the human body. Black mold is, commonly used as a name for the most harmful mold species, which happen to be black in appearance. However, even molds of a different color can be toxic to the human body.

There are five categories of toxic mold. They are Cladosporium, Penicilium, Fusarium, Asperiligus, and Stachybotrys. Some of the species included in these categories may only cause hay fever-like allergic reactions, while others have potentially deadly illnesses. All five of these mold families can be found lurking indoors, in damp spaces. Each has its own particular characteristics that can greatly affect whatever organism or material it contacts.

Stachbotrys

The toxin produced by Stachybotrys Chartarum is the most deadly. It has been tied to diseases as minor as hay fever to something as serious as liver damage, pulmonary edema, and in the most severe cases, brain/nerve damage and death. It has also been linked to severe illness in infants. Those with compromised immune systems, small children, and the elderly are highly susceptible to illness when in contact with this species of mold.

Cladosporium, Fusarium, and Penicillium

These mold families have been connected to illnesses such as nail fungus, asthma, and also infections of the lungs, liver, and kidneys. Additionally, Fusarium may cause gastrointestinal illnesses, and even illness which affect the female reproductive system. Chronic cases of Cladosporium may produce pulmonary edema and emphysema.

Asperilligus

The least serious of the toxic mold group, the Asperilligus mold family consists of over 160 species. Only 16 of those cause illness in humans, none of which are fatal if treated.

Toxic molds are all very dangerous if allowed to grow inside the home. Proper precautions should be taken to prevent and eliminate their growth. These measures should include eliminating every material that nourishes the molds—get rid of the old remodeling leftovers in the basement. Also, never try to determine the type of mold in your home. Contact a professional to test and remediate a mold colony, along with a doctor if there is threat of injury.